For most runners who are already engaging in regular endurance training, strength training does not typically lead to a significant increase in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O₂max).
This is a key point: V̇O₂max represents your body's maximum aerobic capacity. While vital, it often plateaus in well-trained individuals. Strength training enhances performance by improving other factors, primarily your running economy (how efficiently you use oxygen) and your ability to resist fatigue, rather than by increasing your aerobic ceiling.